Russian Federation
UDK 372.851 математики
The article examines the current problem of difficulties in solving word problems by fourth grade students, and describes the main types of difficulties. The importance of educational modeling, planning and control activities within the framework of the requirements of the Federal educational program for primary general education in mathematics is described. Two pedagogical techniques are presented: “Model the situation” and “Plan and control”. Examples of mathematical tasks are given, the use of which will allow fourth-graders to successfully overcome difficulties in solving word problems.
fourth grade student; difficulties in solving word problems; pedagogical techniques for eliminating learning difficulties; the concepts of “Training model” and “Training modeling”; planning and control of educational activities
1. Asmolov A.G., Burmenskaya G.V., Volodarskaya I.A. Formirovanie universal'nyh uchebnyh deystviy v osnovnoy shkole: ot deystviya k mysli. Sistema zadaniy: posobie dlya uchitelya. – M.: Prosveschenie, 2011. – 257 s.
2. Anufriev A.F., Kostromina S.N. Kak preodolet' trudnosti v obuchenii detey. Psihodiagnosticheskie tablicy. Psihodiagnosticheskie metodiki. Korrekcionnye uprazhneniya. – 6-e izd., stereotip. – M.: Os'-89, 2009. – 272 s.
3. Beloshistaya A.V. Obuchenie resheniyu zadach v nachal'noy shkole. – M.: INFRA-M, 2018. – 281 s.
4. Biyarslanova A.M. Preodolenie zatrudneniy mladshih shkol'nikov pri obuchenii matematike: avtoref. dis. ... kand. ped. nauk (Mahachkala, Dagestanskiy gosudarstvennyy pedagogicheskiy universitet, 2006). –16 s.
5. Istomina N.B. Metodika obucheniya matematike v nachal'noy shkole: razvivayuschee obuchenie: uchebnoe posobie dlya studentov pedagogicheskih vuzov i kolledzhey. – 2-e izd. – Smolensk: Associaciya XXI vek, 2009. – 288 s.
6. Minaeva S.S., Roslova L.O. Matematika: uchebnik. 4 klass: v 2 ch. / pod red. V.A. Bulycheva. – M.: Ventana-Graf, 2017. – Ch. 1. – 126 s.
7. Modelirovanie kak metod nauchnogo issledovaniya: gnoseologicheskiy analiz / B.A. Glinskiy, B.S. Gryaznov, B.S. Dynin [i dr.]. – M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1965. – 248 s.
8. Rydze O.A. Uchebno-poznavatel'naya samostoyatel'nost' mladshego shkol'nika: nauchno-metodicheskoe soprovozhdenie processa formirovaniya. – M.: Prosveschenie, 2022. – 143 s.
9. Stoylova L.P., Pyshkalo A.M. Osnovy nachal'nogo kursa matematiki: uchebnoe posobie dlya uchaschihsya pedagogicheskih uchilisch po special'nosti № 2001 «Prepodavanie v nachal'nyh klassah obscheobrazovatel'noy shkoly». – M.: Prosveschenie, 1988. – 320 s.
10. Urban M.A. Metodicheskaya sistema nachal'nogo obucheniya matematike s ispol'zovaniem uchebnogo modelirovaniya: avtoref. dis. … d-ra ped. nauk (Minsk, Belorusskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet, 2020). – 50 s.
11. Federal'naya obrazovatel'naya programma nachal'nogo obschego obrazovaniya / utv. Prikazom Ministerstva prosvescheniya RF ot 16.11.2022 № 992 [Elektronnyy resurs]. – URL: https:// www.garant.ru/hotlaw/federal/1592653/ (data obrascheniya: 16.03.2024).
12. Federal'nye gosudarstvennye obrazovatel'nye standarty nachal'nogo i osnovnogo obschego obrazovaniya. – M.: VAKO, 2022. – 160 s.
13. Fridman L.M. Naglyadnost' i modelirovanie v obuchenii. – M.: Znanie, 1984. –144 s.
